frederick william the great elector quoteslaclede county mo collector

Complete the following sentences by choosing the word that best fits the context, based on information you infer from the use of the italicized word. was a Hohenzollern leader who inherited the title of elector of Brandenburg. Though the Scanian War resulted only in minor territorial gains, attaching a small strip of the Swedish Pomeranian right bank of the lower Oder to Brandenburg-Prussian Pomerania, the war resulted in a huge gain of prestige for the elector. The death of Ivan the Terrible ushered in an era of confusion and violent struggle for power. The elector was perhaps happier with Dorothea, who was more willing to join him in hunting and drinking than was Louise Henrietta. During the ensuing years, Frederick William had taken steps in that direction. He had marched across Germany a year earlier in high spirits but now, utterly alone, he had little choice but to abandon the war. Frederick William, Derfflinger, and the rest of the Brandenburger cavalry arrived at noon, raising the electors total strength to roughly 7,000 horsemen against the equally numerous Swedes. It would take nothing short of a miracle to revive them. We win by tenderness. He saw the importance of trade and promoted it vigorously. I $13.95 (paper), ISBN 978-0-582-49482-4. Instead, the emperors chosen general claimed that his troops were exhausted, an utterly preposterous assertion given the complete inertia of the army during the preceding weeks. Despite nonexistent Austrian support and dwindling Dutch subsidies, it was still a difficult decision to make. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Fearful of risking its fragile hold on its territories along the north German coast, Sweden had no interest in going to war with Brandenburg. challenges. To the Swedish rear lay a conglomeration of large swampsa certain detriment should a sudden, hurried retreat be necessary. Initially, Sweden Sweden was the immediate threat to the territorial integrity of the electors lands, and the electors small army of five thousand was no match for the Swedes. This made it much easier for Brandenburg, and later Prussia, to mobilize its military upon the outbreak of hostilities, giving it the ability to immediately compete with its neighbors. As expected, the Holy Roman Emperor was unwilling to sacrifice any of his army in the defense of Brandenburg. At least one man on the field, however, already knew that the elector intended to roll the dice. The local peasants along the road, however, were well aware of their rulers return, and they celebrated proudly with banners that read: We are only peasants, and little land we have; but we give our blood for our lord cheerfully.. After the Seven Years' War he introduced the iron plow, crop rotation, and clover. In 1668 he introduced the Prussian General Staff; it became the model in controlling an army for other European powers. The Swedes would have to work hard simply to maintain their possessions, especially in Germany, where Pomerania and other territories served as an additional front against would-be aggressors. The seeds were thus sown for the dramatic growth of the army in generations to come. By the end of the Thirty Years War he understood that his power depended upon having a standing army, and at the height of the war against the Dutch his army totaled forty-five thousand. Shortly afterward, a combined Dutch-Danish fleet intercepted the Swedish navy and wrecked nearly three-quarters of it. Inner-Polish Catholic opposition to an intervention on the Protestant Hungarian rebels' side added to the resentments. Despite having to traverse the formidable Thuringian Forest, which was still relatively barren of supplies after the devastation of the Thirty Years War, the Brandenburgers moved rapidly, covering nearly 200 miles in 20 days. Elector Frederick William was born in Berlin to George William, Elector of Brandenburg, and Elisabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate. Similarly, the, Elector defeated the Brandenburg estates, which yielded to his demands by the 1660s (p. 131). Frederick William had stretched his resources to the limit in order to campaign against France, and Brandenburg was virtually defenseless. This was followed by another success against Sweden, when Frederick William cleared Prussia of Swedish forces in what became known as the Great Sleigh Drive. Derfflinger opposed the strategy, arguing that his horsemen were too exhausted from the march and the assault on Rathenow, but the elector, backed by Prince Friedrich, overruled him, stressing the need for a decisive campaign. When he became elector (ruler) of Brandenburg in 1640, the country was in ruins from the Thirty Years' War; it had lost half its population from war, disease and emigration. Frederick William expected the Dutch to hold out for a considerable length of time, but when the republic was almost entirely absorbed by France during the course of one lightning-fast campaign, the need to act decisively became ever more pressing. are people of the Tang Empire, living as nomads in northern Eurasia. reigned from 1019-1054. was also known as Ivan the Great. WebFrederick, CO - Official Website | Official Website Connect With Us ENGAGEMENT & EVENTS Town Codes & Permits APPLICATION & INFORMATION New Resident Welcome Kit & ONLINE BILL PAY Town Maps FIND ALL THE MAPS YOU NEED Board of Trustees MEETINGS & AGENDA CENTER Submit A Request QUESTIONS & COMMENTS It influenced Peter to build St. Petersburg. His shrewd domestic reforms gave Prussia a strong position in the post-Westphalian political order of north-central Europe, setting Prussia up for elevation from duchy to kingdom, achieved under his son and successor. Please try again. With the help of both the conversion of the eastern Slavs to Christianity and the loose but real political unification of the eastern, Slavic territories under a single prince and a single dynasty in the eleventh century were in the mainstream of European medieval civilization.. After the death of Great Prince Iaroslav the Wise, the powerful principality in present-day Ukraine disintegrated into competing political units. Visitors can hike the Appalachian Trail, visit local breweries, and tour a battlefield all in one day. He required that all parents send their children to school. Frederick William is notable for raising an army of 40,000 soldiers by 1678, through the General War Commissariat presided over by Joachim Friedrich von Blumenthal. (Shorter Notices). During the Thirty Years' War, George William strove to maintain, with a minimal army, a delicate balance between the Protestant and Catholic forces fighting throughout the Holy Roman Empire. His target was Waldemars contingent, which had left Alt-Brandenburg and was heading east for the small town of Fehrbellin, on the Rhine, where the Swedes planned to reunite their forces. At the monthly meeting of cheese connoisseurs, members are known to _____ for hours about perfect cheese blends or the merits of certain aging techniques. The Brandenburgers found the Swedes spread out for four miles along the Havel River from Havelberg in the north to Alt-Brandenburg in the south. Frederick William, Derfflinger, and the rest of the Brandenburger cavalry arrived at noon, raising the electors total strength to roughly 7,000 horsemen against the equally numerous Swedes. The army marched in three sections: the left under Prince Friedrich II of Hesse-Homburg, the right led by General Joachim Ernst von Gortzke, and the center directed by Derfflinger. Deciding that only the support of Louis XIV could give him Swedish Pomerania, Frederick William signed the Treaty of St. Germain St. Germain, Treaty of (1679)[Saint Germain, Treaty of (1679)] with France in 1679 in exchange for an annual subsidy, but his anticipated territories were restored to Sweden. After a reign of forty-eight years, Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg, left behind him in 1688 a military and bureaucratic system that endured until 1945. Frederick William's successful occupation in the 1670s (pp. Upon reaching its destination, the raiding party immediately set the bridge afire, but the destruction had barely commenced when the Swedes began arriving early on June 28. The "Great Elector" started a counter-offensive, pursuing the retreating Swedish forces through Swedish Pomerania. Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg To which House did Elector Frederick William belong? He is notable for his joint victory with Swedish forces at the Battle of Warsaw, which, according to Hajo Holborn, marked "the beginning of Prussian military history",[5] but the Swedes turned on him at the behest of King Louis XIV and invaded Brandenburg. Charles XI of Sweden, dependent on French subsidies, reluctantly occupied the Brandenburgian Uckermark in 1674, starting the German theater of the Scanian War (Brandenburg-Swedish War). The electors succeeded in acquiring full sovereignty over Prussia in 1657. New York: Longman, 2001. When he died, he left a centralized political administration, sound finances, and an efficient army, laying the foundation for the future Prussian monarchy. But they also imply a great deal of thinking about others without the thoughts being criticisms. Representing local elites of landowners and merchants, the several estates opposed increasing taxes to fund the military and diplomatic ambitions of the elector, particularly if those taxes were to be spent elsewhere than where they were raised. The largest disaster, however, occurred that winter at Turkheim, where Turenne launched a surprise attack against an allied force now suffering acutely from food and supply shortages caused directly by its idleness. He was frustrated in building up naval power, lacking ports and sailors. Aware of the negative domestic consequences of his military aims, Frederick William followed the prevailing economic doctrine of mercantilism, Mercantilism;Brandenburg or cameralism as it was known in Germany, which advocated state leadership in guiding the economy. With his Austrian allies now almost entirely out of the picture, the miserable elector broke down and asked Louis for peace in early 1673. Frederick William, later known as the great elector, assumed power in the midst of the catastrophic Thirty Years War (1618-1648) Thirty Years War (1618-1648);Frederick William and . Item exactly as described, in perfect condition. [2], Frederick William was a military commander of wide renown, and his standing army would later become the model for the Prussian Army. They wanted Austria to stay a unified country and not be broken up. The strike force amounted to 6,000 cavalry and 1,200 foot. He introduced permanent taxation. Unlike the elector, Leopold was intimidated by French arms and had little interest in rescuing the beleaguered Dutch. RT @HREAssociation: The family of the Great Elector Frederick William of Brandenburg (1620-88) - Die Familie des Groen Kurfrsten Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg by M Czwiczk. In the years following the battle, he did just that. They controlled lands that encompassed Spain, Austria, Low Countries, and New World territories. are the nobility and the landowning classes who dominated The Estates of Brandenburg and Prussia. Between 17,000 and 30,000 enslaved Africans were transported by the BAC to the Americas before the colony was sold to the Dutch in 1721.[9]. The daring horsemen of Frederick William had seen to that at Fehrbellin. Events were particularly chaotic after Ivan's son, Theodore, died in 1598 without an heir. F.L. He created a strong army and the best standing army in Europe. Shortly after Waldemars arrival, the advance elements of the Brandenburger cavalry under Prince Friedrich arrived on the scene. The remainder of the army would follow and catch up when it could. Although it had made a profound statement, Brandenburg remained a minor continental player, still subject to the whims of the larger powers. Charles spent much of his reign trying to get this principle accepted by the various branches of the Habsburg family, by the three different Estates of the realm, and by the states of Europe. He also created an efficient government bureaucracy and encouraged trade and the development of new industries. Incensed, the Brandenburgers took it upon themselves to assault Turenne independently, but without the support of their allies, they could achieve nothing. The first English biography in more than fifty years, McKays study describes Frederick William as Showing search results for "Frederick William The Great Electorhole" sorted by relevance. A learned man, he founded a university and established the Berlin library. By the time they agreed to reunite with the Austrians in October, Montecuccoli had retired for the second time in as many years, only to be again replaced by the lethargic Bournonville. The Great Elector. Delaying the process even more was a sudden attack of the gout that prevented Frederick William from reaching The Hague until May. That year, the opportunity to both acquire such subsidies and test the new army in action fell into Frederick Williams lap. On 7 December 1646 in The Hague, Frederick William entered into a marriage, proposed by Blumenthal as a partial solution to the Jlich-Berg question, with Luise Henriette of Nassau (16271667), daughter of Frederick Henry of Orange-Nassau and Amalia of Solms-Braunfels and his 1st cousin once removed through William the Silent. They were there to decide the future of their state. 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In pursuing his military goals and strengthening the government, the elector worsened the plight of the middle classes and urban inhabitants. Many thanks! France promised assistance and subsidies, while Sobieski in turn allowed French recruitment in Poland-Lithuania and promised to aid Hungarian rebel forces who were to distract the Habsburgs from their war against France. WebExplore. Frederick William, 16 February 1620 - 29 kk2-,-k}$d/'y32I=E4gV29gsw 9cSGg(CO kOpy^^JL,oR+/sS%-yb |"Ly(KO~"Hd,Vyf WebFrederick, Prince of Anhalt-Harzgerode (16131670) Austria. He saw the importance of trade and promoted it vigorously. He wrote to Leopold in exasperation: I fear the French will follow us and my lands be totally ruined and my fortresses lost, and I will have to conclude a humiliating peace. It was no idle threat. Swedens subsequent military success against its neighbors allowed the Swedish kingdom to expand still further. Swedens acute lack of resources and funds made its recent conquests extremely vulnerable. However, it was not yet the European power it would become in the following century. prediction Inexplicably, the Swedish commander did a curious thing. The Brandenburger officers, their blood up, urged Frederick William to light the town, but he rebuked them, stating, I am not come to destroy my country, but to save it. Instead, the elector ordered his horsemen to storm the Swedish infantry. proclaimed the Pragmatic Sanction. https://networks.h-net.org/node/35008/reviews/43678/beachy-mckay-great-elector-frederick-william-brandenburg-prussia. The House of Hohenzollern What were the four The elector also oversaw the establishment of a postal system and the construction of a ten-mile-long canal, uniting the Elbe and Oder Rivers, which increased Berlins trade. It needed only minor repairs before it could be crossed. His goal was to make Prussia a powerful military state with an independent economy. In fact, Swedish envoys had eagerly helped negotiate the terms of the Peace of Vossem. In ensuing conflicts, states fought either with France or against her. In June 1673, Frederick William abandoned the Dutch alliance and concluded a subsidy treaty with France, who in return withdrew from Cleves. This in itself is rare. For the King in Prussia, see, Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg. [2], This article is about the Elector of Brandenburg. The emperor wished only to protect Germany, and in accordance with this wish he ordered Montecuccoli to act conservatively and engage the enemy only if victory could be assured. He united the multiple separate domains that his family had acquired primarily by marriage over the decades, and built the powerful unified state of Prussia out of them. Frederick Williams wars and diplomacy were allied with his desire to create a powerful state. RRP 119.99. In 1672, it remained vital for Brandenburg to tie itself into alliances with outside powers that were willing to provide the subsidies necessary for an enlarged military to exist. Louis, in turn, invaded Germany proper and became an even greater menace. Though a minor skirmish from a military perspective, Frederick William's victory turned out to be of huge symbolic significance. Neither of his two allies gave any consideration to Frederick Williams conquests, and when the elector learned of Nymwegen early in 1679, he had no choice but to halt his offensive. was King Frederick I's grandson, who became king in 1740, and was a mercantilist. Frederick William was a staunch pillar of the Calvinist faith, associated with the rising commercial class. The entire operation cost Frederick William a mere 15 men. The elector had been working to persuade the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold to join him in combating Louis, and he was delighted when the emperor dispatched an army to the Rhine under Raimondo Montecuccoli, a talented commander and a hero of the Thirty Years War. Towns and cities in the west were more prosperous than those in the east, but only Berlin benefited from the great electors reign, with the population growing from five thousand in 1648 to twenty thousand by his death. is a style in art and architecture developed in Europe from about 1550 to 1700 that emphasizes dramatic, curving forms, elaborate ornamentation, and overall balance of disparate parts. The electors men would not be disappointed. Judging the attacking Brandenburgers to be much greater in strength than they actually were, the Wrangels decided against counterattacking Rathenow and opted to withdraw. New York: Longman, 2001. Despite the new pact, the electors position was still perilous. He succeeded in his goal of centralizing the administration and increasing the revenue,[2] and was an advocate of mercantilism, monopolies, subsidies, tariffs, and internal improvements. Read reviews from worlds largest community for readers. In the seventeenth century, there was little German nationalism, and localism reigned supreme. Brandenburg-Prussia benefited from his policy of religious tolerance and he used French subsidies to build up an army that took part in the 1655 to 1660 Second Northern War. Finally, the old veteran could take his dishonorable role no longer and left the field. He had previously assumed that Sweden would refrain from any such move because of the divisions within its government and the strength of the Dutch fleet. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). He weakened representative assemblies of their territories and forced Junkers to cooperate. was when the Ottomans attacked the Habsburg City of Vienna to revitalize the assault on Christianity. his forces were defeated, but the Hapsburgs had to compromise with Hungary and give them more power over themselves. His services, however, came at a price. A model experimental farm, influenced by the electors wife, Louise Henrietta, was established at Oranienburg, near Berlin. But today's parents are beginning to recognize it as a strong classic and one of the top royal baby boy names . Famous quotes containing the words dutch and/or wars: Paradise endangered: garden snakes and mice are appearing in the shadowy corners of Dutch Old Master paintings. Nobility gained more exemptions from the military service, while the peasants were further ground down. Fortunately for Frederick William, a strong ally in the form of the Austrian Hapsburgs emerged to challenge the French as well. Brandenburg now possessed an officer corps that was tied to the interests of the state rather than functioning merely as a group of mercenaries concerned with their own careers and financial gain. After marching 250 kilometres in 15 days back to Brandenburg, he caught the Swedes by surprise and managed to defeat them on the field at the Battle of Fehrbellin, destroying the myth of Swedish military invincibility. The Great Elector: Frederick William of Brandenburg-Prussia' Summer Reading: the Kaiserreich, 18711914; German Unification German-Speaking States Were Being Left Behind Frederick William (German language: Friedrich Wilhelm) (16 February 1620 29 April 1688) was Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia and thus ruler of Brandenburg-Prussia from 1640 until his death. Forces through Swedish Pomerania independent economy frederick william the great elector quotes established the Berlin library his military goals and strengthening the government, Swedish! 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